Radiação UV-C e cloreto de cálcio na qualidade pós-colheita de seriguela

Abstract

The serigueleira (Spondias purpurea L.), a tropical fruit tree from the Anacardiaceae family, appreciated by local communities, is a fruit that is highly perishable during post- harvest, although there is an expectation of development and expansion of its cultivation, it is necessary to apply technologies that aim to increase their useful life. Among the most used techniques is immersing the fruits in calcium chloride, which is considered a promising technique, with the aim of improving the post-harvest of the fruits. In addition to this technique, one of the ways to reduce post-harvest losses is the use of ultraviolet radiation as UV-C treatment is used due to the potential for surface treatment of fresh fruits that aims to reduce post-harvest losses and maintain quality. of the fruits for longer, helping to preserve the fruits. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of seriguela subjected to different doses of UV-C ultraviolet radiation and concentrations of calcium chloride. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (DIC), with a 6x8 double factorial scheme (UV-C radiation x days of analysis) and a 5x8 double factorial (calcium chloride x days of analysis), with 4 replications consisting of 5 fruits for each experiment. In the first, the seriguelas were exposed to 6 doses of UV-C radiation: 0 (control); 1; two; 3; 4 and 5 kJ m-2. And in the second experiment, the effect of immersing the seriguelas in 5 concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) was evaluated: control - immersed in distilled water (0%), 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% of CaCl2. The seriguelas from both experiments were stored at room temperature 26.8 ±0.61°C and 61.6±3.88% relative humidity for a period of 7 days (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 days), and analyzes were performed daily. The parameters evaluated were: mass loss (PM), firmness, soluble solids (SS), hydrogen potential (pH), color, titratable acidity (AT), ripening index (MI), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), antioxidant activity total (DPPH and ABTS method) and total extractable polyphenols (PET). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (P<0.05) and, when significant, were subjected to regression analysis. For statistical analyzes the SISVAR 5.6 Software was used. For the first UV-C radiation experiment, the 1 kJ m-2 treatment promoted higher average luminosity and °Hue, lower mass loss of the seriguelas, in addition to causing greater maintenance of the pH parameter in the evaluated period and better antioxidant capacity by the DPPH method. For the second calcium chloride experiment, concentrations of 1% and 2% are a viable alternative for maintaining the quality of fresh seriguela, as it maintained the lowest mass loss, promoted color preservation and better antioxidant capacity. Regarding the storage days of the two experiments, it was found that until the fifth day the fruits maintained the appropriate characteristics after harvest, regardless of the treatments applied.