Transtornos mentais e comportamentais e práticas integrativas e complementares

Abstract

The psychiatric reform aimed to rehabilitate the patient by reintegrating him into a social life. To promote this rehabilitation, we have the Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS) that develop therapeutic projects using, among various available resources, integrative and complementary practices (PIC's). Among the PIC's we have phytotherapy, which is a very old practice that has easy access, fewer adverse effects, less toxicity and costs, has its own policy and benefits the production of family farming. Our objective is to verify the profile of hospitalizations for mental disorders in Brazil, and to observe the PIC's most used for treatments, and to emphasize the phytotherapy used in Brazil with authorization from the Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa). For the profile of hospitalizations, a descriptive and quantitative study was carried out, with a search for data in the DATASUS database, and later compared by statistical tests. There was a reduction in hospitalizations for mental and behavioral disorders, the highest number of hospitalizations is for schizophrenia in the southern states and affects men between 20 and 39 years of age. There was an increase in CAPS in the country, and also an increase in both the use and the offer of the PIC's modality. Anvisa brings in its list, herbal medicines authorized for use in mental disorders such as: Hypericum perforatum, Panax ginseng, Piper methysticum, Valeriana officinalis, Melissa officinalis and Passiflora edulis. Some studies have already proven the effectiveness of these herbal medicines, such as being anxiolytic, sedative and antidepressant. We also have some disadvantages such as little scientific evidence and selfmedication. It is true that more studies need to be carried out, for a greater dissemination of the use of PICs.