A bruxa nas histórias em quadrinhos, de Ju Loyola : entre discursividades, silêncio e intericonicidade

Abstract

Historically, the discourse about the witch is built, specially , in the religious sphere, in a way that these beings become part of the popular imagination and constitute meanings about the feminine. Which, in turn, has effects on real women and culminates in a veritable hunt for their bodies. In Ju Loyola's comics, the witch returns in wordless statements capable of rescuing external images, entered in the discursive networks that produce the witch, and internal images, which we build in imagination. In vi ew of this, the main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the construction of discourses about the witch's body, as a n allegory of the feminine, in the comics The witch who loved volume 1 (2015) and The witch who loved volume 2 (2018), by Ju Loyola. The specific objectives are: i) to describe the discursive paths and the activation of memory networks that produce meanings about the witch; ii) to investigate possibilities for the materialization of silence in Ju Loyola’s comics through visual state ments and silencing practices; as well as iii) to demonstrate h ow the processes of subjectivation/objectification occur and , finally, dessubjectivation of the witch subject. For this reason, this research is part of the Discourse Analysis methodology based on the postulates of Foucault (1978; 1987; 1988; 1996; 1999; 2001; 2003; 2004; 2008; 2011). We are supported by archegenealogical method which, from an archaeological perspective, aims to analyze discourse as a historical practice in the construction of d iscontinuous knowledge, connected on genealogy of power method that aims to analyze the functioning of practices that, rela ted to historical events, produce knowledge and control bodies, having effects on the modes of subjectivation/objectification of subjects (FOUCAULT, 2004). In this sense, to address the performance of possible forms of silence in comics, we are going to interface with the studies of Eni Puccinelli Orlandi (2007). Still, we are going to establish dialogues with the research of Jean Jacqu es Courtine (2011), in order to mobilize the notion of interico nicity; Nilton Milanez (2021), to mobilize the Foucauldian c oncept of dessubjectivation, and with the research of Silvia Federici (2017) about the history of women connected to the transition from the feudal to the capitalist system. In view of the developed analyses, we evidenced how the image of the witch in the comics triggers representations of real and fictional women in a non linear way, considering the various formulations for the witch d uring women's history. Furthermore, we saw that the witch hunt period was not, indeed, just a legal process against witchcr aft practices, but rather a chase to undo the threat that women represented to power relations and, therefore, to gender. And that comic, discursively, cannot be considered silent. Certainly, the comics reveal silencing practices that act on the female body. In addition, we show that our gaze produces a subjectivizing vision for the witch in the comic books crossed by the functioning of normalization devices that aim at the proper functioning of th e body. Finally, the analysis gestures showed that the witch withdraws herself from subjectivity through a limit experience (MILANEZ, 2021), a metamorphosis of the body and her behavior, an abandonment of