"Uma análise geográfica das segundas residências: transformações socioespaciais na Zona Rural do Rio Padre Souza no povoado de Jaranápolis em Pirenópolis (GO), 2014- 2024”

Abstract

This research aims to understand the socio-spatial transformations resulting from the search for second homes in the Rural Zone of Rio Padre Souza, in the village of Jaranápolis, in Pirenópolis (GO), between 2014 and 2024. The general objective of the stud y is to understand how these transformations influence the relationships between rural and urban areas, considering their rural and urban characteristics. To achieve this, the following specific objectives were established: to analyze the historical and conceptual dimensions of second homes and to identify the factors driving the search for these properties in the region. The research adopted a qualitative approach, based on the dialectical method, using techniques such as bibliographic review, document analysis, geospatial mapping, and semi-structured interviews with owners of second homes. Data from the Demographic Census, the Pirenópolis Master Plan, and MapBiomas were analyzed, along with satellite images and photographic records collected in the field. The data analysis allowed for the identification of changes in land use and rural landscapes, as well as the socio-economic and environmental impacts resulting from the expansion of second homes. The results indicate that the search for second homes in the region is driven by proximity to the BR-153 highway and the Goiânia-Anápolis-Brasília axis, as well as the idealization of the countryside as a refuge from urban life. The expansion of these properties has altered the geographical space through real estate appreciation, fragmentation of native vegetation, and changes in local hydrological patterns. The research also points out that the disordered occupation of rural land contradicts the principles of the Land Statute, prioritizing occasional and recreational use over the social function of land, which includes agricultural production and environmental preservation. It is concluded that the phenomenon of second homes arises from the contradictions of the capitalist model of space production, redefining the relationships between rural and urban areas