A variação de segunda pessoa do singular na Cidade de Goiás : “você” e “cê” sob um olhar sociolinguístico

Abstract

The variation of the second person pronoun você and cê has been studied by several linguists in Brazilian Portuguese Language (NASCIMENTO, 2011; GONÇALVES, 2008; RAMOS, 1997, 2000; ALVES, 1998; COELHO, 1999; PERES, 2006; and others). However, there is no researches focused on the description of this phenomenon in the Goiás variety. That’s why this study is grounded on Labovian Theory of Variationist Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008; WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2006; LABOV, 1972, 1994, 2001; (LABOV, 2006 [1966]; e WEINREICH et. al., 1968) which states that language variation as an integral part of the linguistic system, regulated by both linguistic (internal), as well as extralinguistic (external) factors. Besides that, in ground by grammaticalization refletions (HOPPER & TRAUGOUTT, 1993) and the process of cliticization of the form cê (VITRAL 1996, 2006b; RAMOS, 1997). Based on this theme, this research aims to investigate and to analyze the use of the second person pronoun of the singular você and cê in the town of Goiás, which is a historic town founded in the 18th century, at the time of the empire, for this reason a historical path of the forms. Given these facts and in order to understand the use of this form and its changes, both synchronic and diachronic, aiming to understand the influence of linguistic and extralinguistic aspects in this way by the speakers of this community, 24 native participants from this community were selected and interviewed, who were stratified by gender (male and female), age group (25 to 35 years and 36 to 50 years) and education (high school and higher). Subsequently, they were transcribed, encoded and run in the GoldvarbX program, in order to be able to develop a synchronous analysis, with these data samples collected. Were researched and studied for the analysis of both linguistic variables (phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic) as well as extralinguistic variables (age group, sex, education level, ethnicity, etc.) and the factors of each of these variables. In view of the collected data, the sample was run more than twice in the GoldvarbX program, to be sure of the data and the coding. Thus, the results were that the use of the reduced variant cê is the most frequent among the youngest, which may suggest that it is in the process of linguistic change, and is going through a process of grammaticalization and cliticization.