Avaliação da produtividade e qualidade de sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em resposta ao fertilizante mineral, biofertilizante e pó de rocha

Abstract

The bean is a vegetable belonging to the legume family, considered a nutritionally rich food and of relevant importance as a food source. Due to its notoriety, there is a need for studies and research to increase production, including fertilizer management and seed quality, among other precautions to increase productivity and improve crop profitability. The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of mineral fertilizer, biofertilizer and rock powder and the interaction between fertilizers on the productivity and quality of beans seeds. The treatments used were T1 (control); T2 (mineral fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg of N and 75 kg of P2O5 per hectare); T3 (rock powder fertilizer with a dose of four tons per hectare); T4 (biofertilizer with a dose of 120 liters per hectare); T5 (mineral fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg of N and 75 kg of P2O5 per hectare + biofertilizer with a dose of 120 liters per hectare); T6 (rock powder fertilizer with a dose of four tons per hectare + biofertilizer with a dose of 120 liters per hectare); T7 (mineral fertilizer with a dose of 15 kg of N and 75 kg of P2O5 per hectare + rock powder fertilizer with a dose of four tons per hectare + biofertilizer with a dose of 120 liters per hectare). The analysis of the components of production, productivity and seed quality were made. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with five replications. Each plot consisted of 15 m² and six lines of five meters, with only the two central lines considered useful. There were seven treatments and five repetitions, totaling thirty-five plots and 525 m² of experimental area. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. No significant differences were observed in the components of production and productivity in the culture of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) due to the application of different sources of nutrients. The seedling length showed lower results with the application only of rock powder fertilizer and the association between mineral fertilizer and biofertilizer. The seeds of the control treatments, using only the rock powder fertilizer and the association of the rock powder and biofertilizer, showed greater difficulty in restoring the integrity of the cell membranes, being then considered of less vigor than those of the other treatments.