Potencial anticâncer da flora do Cerrado : revisão Integrativa, identificação de compostos Fenólicos e estudo quimiopreventivo in Silico das folhas de Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae)

Abstract

The Cerrado is one of the main Brazilian biomes, presenting a great diversity of natural plants.Due to its vast vegetation, many species are researched with the aim of discovering compoundsfor cancer treatment and prevention. The objective of this study was to gather evidence on theantineoplastic activity of plants from the Cerrado and to carry out the preliminary identification ofphenolic compounds in the leaves of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae), popularlyknown as mangabeira, to evaluate the chemopreventive effect in silico. For the bibliographicsurvey, medicinal species were previously selected from two studies conducted in oncology unitsin Goiás, and the databases Virtual Health Library (BVS), Web of Science, Google Scholar, andPubMed were consulted to identify scientific articles. The preliminary investigation of phenoliccompounds was conducted by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode ArrayDetector (HPLC-DAD), and in silico analyses were applied to verify potential anticanceractivities, as well as the pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles of the compounds. ElevenCerrado species were identified in the selected studies. In the literature survey, 36 articlespublished between 2006 and 2021 reported potential antineoplastic and chemopreventiveactivities of Cerrado plants. The plants Annona crassiflora Mart. (Annonaceae) andStryphnondendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville (Fabaceae), popularly known as araticum andbarbatimão, were the most cited in 10 and 7 articles, respectively. In the identification of phenoliccompounds in the leaves of H. speciosa, the compounds rutin, (+)-catechin, and (+)-epicatechinwere identified in 7 samples of ethanolic extracts, while quercetin was identified only in the first 4samples. In the in silico approach, rutin showed the highest chemopreventive potential in silico(Pa= 0.968) and the greatest interaction with the antioxidant enzyme Peroxiredoxin-5(ChemPLP= 61.58) based on the complementarity score. Regarding the pharmacokinetic profile,the compounds showed both high and low absorption through the gastrointestinal tract. In the insilico toxicological profile, none of the compounds showed toxicity. Given the results found, it ishoped that this study can contribute to the knowledge and dissemination of Cerrado plants withpotential anticancer and chemopreventive activities.