Política de cotas raciais na Universidade Estadual de Goiás: acesso da população negra à educação superior pública

Abstract

This work is the result of research developed in the Postgraduate Program in Education at the State University of Goiás/UnU Inhumas, in the Work, State and Educational Policies Research Line. The subject investigated has as its object the Racial Quota Policy, focusing on the case of the State University of Goiás – UEG. The central problem of this work is the political movement of production and implementation of the policy of racial quotas in access to Brazilian public higher education, in general and more specifically in the UEG. The questions that guided the development of the research were: How did the production and implementation of racial quota policies occur in Brazil? At a more localized level, what was the process of creating the policy and implementing racial quotas at UEG like? Did racial quotas achieve their initial objective? What are the challenges, especially at UEG? We seek to understand, as a general objective, based on historical, theoretical and conceptual foundations, the political and academic scenario of production and implementation of the racial quota policy in Brazil and more specifically in the UEG. And as specific objectives, through studies and theoretical categories for analysis, we seek to: a) highlight the relationships between State, politics and education; b) understand the foundations and history of affirmative actions in access to Brazilian public higher education; c) analyze the processes of production and implementation of racial quota policies in access to public higher education, in the case of UEG. It is a qualitative research, with bibliographical survey and documentary analysis. We used as a methodology the case study that takes the State University of Goiás as a focus on this topic. The research is based on the dialectical conception in which the effort is made to appropriate theoretical-practical data from this analytical perspective. We consider, in the end, that since the implementation of the Quota Policy in public universities in 2012 and, previously, from 2004 at UEG, there has been a significant advance in understanding the importance of this Affirmative Action by students and the academic field, as well as advances in relation to access to university by black quota students, observed at UEG through the production and implementation of its Quota Policy. What still stands in the way at UEG are the challenges of retention and dropout of quota students, mostly women. We assess that UEG, a new university in the field of higher education, has a substantive Quota Policy, but it deserves constant evaluation to provide concrete possibilities that contribute to greater inclusion of quota students, in particular, admissions through racial quotas.