Territórios induzidos em Goiás - os avanços das políticas públicas federais de desenvolvimento territorial rural no período de 2003 a 2013

Abstract

Because of its agricultural essence together with the land concentration and the inequalities in the rural environment, Goiás, since 2003, was reached by Brazilian rural territorial development policy whose main objective is the socioeconomic dynamization of counties in rural areas with potentialities, but with complications such as low social indicators and insufficient infrastructure to build markets and commercial networks autonomously. Initially, 92 counties of Goiás were grouped by the federal government in seven rural territories. They are: Das Águas Emendadas, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Estrada de Ferro, Médio Araguaia, Vale do Paranã, Vale do Rio Vermelho and Vale do São Patrício. In 2008, four of them also became Territories of Citizenship: Das Águas Emendadas, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Vale do Paranã and Vale do Rio Vermelho. Thus, the main objective of this study is to identify, through socioeconomic indicators, if the policies of induction of rural territories have been effective, in order to promote the economic and social development of the counties of Goiás integrated to the Territories. For this, the study uses the quantitative research method to elaborate the socioeconomic profile of the created Territories, and also perform the comparative analysis of the data collected to evaluate the effects of government action in the period between 1991 and 2010, that is, before and after the implementation of said policy. The temporal delimitation of the results of the research is a consequence of the official intercensitary Brazilian period, together with the information of the Bolsa Família Program until 2013. The results of the research show that the territorial development policy positively impacted the rural population of Goiás, especially in relation to social indicators, such as greater access to basic public services. However, there was an accentuation of inequalities between the Territories in terms of income and their distribution, mainly between the Chapada dos Veadeiros and Vale do Paranã Territories and the others.