O Aborto na sociedade brasileira : um estudo das dimensões social, histórica e cultural

Abstract

he present work Abortion in Brazilian society: a study on the social, historical and cultural dimensions, investigates the invisibility attributed to abortion as a sociocultural phenomenon constructed in social relations that restrict women's autonomy and the control of their bodies, which contributes to its exclusion from the public space. This study refers to the discussion about the power relations that permeate the act practiced by women in society, taking into account the specificities of the Brazilian reality. From this perspective, we investigate abortion, which is neglected by the State and currently has been attacked by the neoconservative wave that hit Brazil and pleads for the criminalization of the practice even in specific situations in which it was already legalized. The movement also defends the stiffening of the penalties already provided for in the Penal Code. The research in question was carried out based on the spatial delimitation, which was done through the establishment of the Courts of Justice of the Midwest Region of Brazil, that is, the Court of Justice of the State of Goiás, the Court of Justice of the State of Mato Grosso, Court of Justice of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and Court of Justice of the Federal District, as locus and had as time frame the year of 2019, in order to contextualize the object of study. The research was carried out from a sociohistorical perspective and, as a result, we gained an understanding that the penalty provided for the act of abortion is rarely applied. However, the stigma that criminalization imposes leads women to death, as it makes them stop looking for help in the face of need and leads them to physical and psychological aggression by the teams that receive them at the service centers. Through the readings and reflections, it became clear that the characteristics of Brazilian culture, marked by relations of sexist domination, contribute not only to the maintenance of the criminalization of abortion, but also to the intensification of sexual and reproductive rights and policies.