Desempenho do motor de um trator agrícola sob diferentes concentrações de biodiesel de soja

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the engine performance of an agricultural tractor subjected to different concentrations of biodiesel. The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Engineering’s Laboratory of Universidade Estadual de Goiás, at Câmpus Central Sede Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas. Dynamometric tests were performed, through the power take-off, on a New Holland model TT4030 agricultural tractor. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 5x7 factorial treatment scheme, in subdivided plots, with plots consisting of five concentrations of biodiesel (B10, B25, B50, B75, B100) and subplots consisting of seven engine rotations (1200, 1360, 1600, 1840, 2090, 2330, 2490 rpm), with three repetitions per treatment. The tests were conducted in accordance with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - code 2. The following variables were determined: torque, power, hourly and specific fuel consumption and temperature of the exhaust gases. The fuels caused changes in the performance of the engine, the intermediate concentrations (B25, B50 and B75) did not provide significant losses of torque and power, a difference evidenced only with the use of pure biodiesel, the increase in the rotation and concentration of biodiesel in the mixture provided increase in hourly consumption, specific consumption and temperature of the exhaust gases. The B25 concentration can partially replace diesel oil, without significant losses in engine performance.