Investigação da atividade biológica das cascas de Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville em diferentes modelos

Abstract

Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart) Coville (Fabaceae) is a plant belonging to the Cerrado biome, popularly known as barbatimão, and widely used in popular culture as a medicinal plant. The present study investigated the biological activity of the decoction of the bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens whose use was cited by patients diagnosed with cancer. The barks of S. adstringens were collected in January 2018 in the Ecological Reserve, Tatu Trail of the State University of Goiás - Campus Henrique Santillo. The decoction of the bark of S. adstringens was lyophilized for analysis of the solids content, yield of the extractive method and for the calculation of the decoct concentrations used in the tests, expressed in relation to dry matter extracted: 0,008, 0,016, 0,031 and 0,062 g/mL. The loss by desiccation in the powder of the S. adstringens barks was calculated for the quantification of the total phenol, tannin and flavonoid contents in the decoction. The antimicrobial potential was tested by the disc-diffusion method with five bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococus aureus and Staphylococus epidermidis. The test in Artemia salina was used for the evaluation of preliminary toxicity, while the Allium cepa test evaluated the cytogenotoxic and mutagenic potential. The loss by desiccation in the powder of S. adstringens was 11.34%. The solids content found in the decoction was 6,2% and the extraction yield was 31%. The content of total phenols, tannins and flavonoids were, respectively, 13,8%, 8,5% and 0,75%. The decoction the bark of S. astringens showed antimicrobial potential against strains of E. faecales, S. aureus and S. epidermidis. And had no toxicity in A. salina, LC50=14,625,000 μg/mL. In the A. strain strain, the decoction showed cytotoxic activity due to the stop of the mitotic cycle, whereas the genotoxic and mutagenic activities were not detected in the tested concentrations.