Estudo construcional de "ter que" e "ter de"

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and describe the microconstructions “ter que” and “ter de” from a constructional perspective in synchronic uses of Brazilian Portuguese, in the spoken and written modes, with special focus on the spoken variant in Goiás State. Prototypically, these microconstructions meet the subscheme “ter (x)”, considered variants of the same variable. The corpora analyzed belong to the data from the Fala Goiana Project (FG), from the Rio de Janeiro Oral Cult Urban Standard Project (NURC), written records from the newspaper “O Popular” (JP) in print, and non-systematized speech data (NS), that are records of daily use but not in the corpora analyzed. Initially, we performed the selection and quantification of the various deontic modal microconstructions performed with “ter que” and “ter de”, based on the hypothesis of erasure of “ter de” and based on a possible specialization of “ter que”. In the analysis, we seek to understand the historical course of change that occurred with the verb “ter” (to have) as a principle for the perception of how the microconstructions “ter que” and “ter de” fulfill the same syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and discursive function within deontic constructions in Brazilian Portuguese. This research is based on the Theories of Usage Centered Linguistics (or Usage-based Model), the principles of Classical Functionalism, Cognitive Linguistics and especially of Grammar of Constructions. In the description of the modality we refer mainly to Neves (2002, 2003, 2006, 2018), Lyons (1977), Dall Aglio-Hatnher (1995), Casseb-Galvão (1999. 2007). In the constructional analysis, we based on Bybee (2010, 2016), Heine (1995), Traugott and Trousdale (2013), and Croft (2001), Croft and Cruse (2004). The found uses have shown that microconstructions are in the process of change, there is a specialization of “ter que” in both speech and writing and we describe in a conceptual network of deontic modals, because this microconstruction has stood out as deontic prototype.