Desenvolvimento e rendimento do feijoeiro em resposta à adubação organomineral à base de cama de frango, associada à inoculação com Rhizobium tropici e Coinoculação com Azospirillum brasilense

Abstract

Sustainable fertilization techniques, such as the use of organo-minerals, inoculants, and growth regulators, can be an alternative to the use of commonly used mineral fertilizers, which are often expensive and potentially polluting. This study aimed to evaluate nodulation, development, and yield of common bean in response to the addition of different doses of organo-mineral fertilizer based on chicken litter, in association with inoculation by Rhizobium tropici and co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. An experiment was conducted during the 2022/2023 rainy season, using a randomized block experimental design in a 5x3+1 factorial scheme, with three replications. The treatments consisted of four doses of organo-mineral fertilizer (0, 375, 750, 975, and 1500 kg ha-1), with or without inoculation with R. tropici and coinoculation with A. brasilense, along with an additional treatment involving mineral fertilization. Nodulation variables (number of nodules per plant and dry nodule mass per plant), plant development (leaf area index, plant height, stem diameter, main root length, accumulation of dry biomass in the above-ground and root parts, and Nitrogen content), and agronomic characteristics (number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, 100-grain weight, and grain yield) were assessed. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the addition of organo-mineral fertilizer at sowing, in association with the use of R. tropici inoculant, influences nodulation and the growth of common bean. The components and yield of the common bean are influenced by the use of chicken litter-based organo-mineral fertilizer. The dose of 750 kg ha-1 of chicken litter-based organo-mineral fertilizer, in association with seed inoculation with R. tropici, leads to higher common bean yields. Conversely, co-inoculation with A. brasilense appears to be less effective in bean nutrition. The chicken litter-based organo-mineral fertilizer at a dose of 750 kg ha-1, in combination with seed inoculation using R. tropici, can replace the use of mineral fertilizer in bean cultivation.