Características de produção e deposição de calda de pulverização em diferentes arranjos espaciais na cultura da soja

Abstract

The main purpose of the application of pesticides is the efficient control of insects, diseases and weeds. The spatial arrangement of culture can affect the morphological structure of the plant and change leaf coverage, creating different conditions for the penetration of the droplets to the target. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different population of plants and row spacing in the deposition of spray solution on soybean. The work was conducted in Estação Experimental de Anápolis-Go da Agência Goiana de Assistência Técnica, Extensão Rural e Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMATER). Was used a randomized block design in factorial 2 x 6, with two population of plants (160.000 and 240.000 plants) and six row spacings (0.30; 0.40; 0.50; 0.60; 0.70 m and 0.50 m in planting crossed), with four blocks. Was evaluated time to achieve canopy closure, the percentage of canopy closure, the leaf area in R1, the leaf area index (LAI) in R1, the height in R1, the deposition of spray solution in the upper, middle and lower, the ratio deposition between upper and lower canopy, the final height of soybeans, the height of first pod, the crop yield and weed development. The results of this study showed that changes in the spatial arrangement accounted for differences in the time canopy closure, in the percentage of canopy closure, in the leaf area at R1, in the height on R1, in the IAF on R1, in the deposition of spray solution in the lower third of the canopy, in the final height of soybeans and yield. The spatial arrangement of plants altered the deposition in the lower third, a less deposit and higher ratio of deposition in the smaller spacing, without causing yield losses.