O Processo de modernização da agropecuária e agronegócio : a dinâmica territorial na microregião do Meia Ponte e no município de Morrinhos(GO), 1970-2010

Abstract

The State of Goiás, from the 1970s, went through an extensive process of modernization in its agricultural that occurred in the areas of Cerrado, covering various processes. By analyzing the case of the city of Morrinhos (GO) located in the micro region of the Meia Ponte, we seek to know the consequences of this modernization to municipalities in the urban and socio- economic area, where it is relevant to understand the changes occurred in the micro and municipality spoken above. Traditionally, the Cerrado was seen as a remote and inhospitable wilderness, practically abandoned. From 1930, in the Vargas government, it was launched planning policies aimed at the productive occupation of the region, from the creation of agricultural colonies in Goiás and Mato Grosso that encouraged the entry of migrants. Also, the extension of the railway to Anápolis (GO), stimulated this process. However, these initiatives have changed little in the local land structure where land with better fertility were designed for cultivation of rice crops, beans and corn; the plateaus, formed from a shrub and the fields were intended for livestock and extraction, especially the extraction of firewood, fruits and several species of medicinal plants. So over the capitalist expansion process in the field, the technological domain in agriculture made the Cerrado enter in the economic environment, attracting the interest of agro-exporters for their land, once viewed as unproductive. From the 1970s, a new production structure was designed with the development of agriculture and agribusiness which provided the diversification of production and the incorporation of the Cerrado areas in the national productive circuits. The modernization of Brazilian agriculture promotes changes in rural and urban space and with the overall process of economy; the countryside participates in the activities with element that originate a unilateral dynamic operation. Thus, agriculture becomes dependent on far less natural conditions to obtain their goods, while the widely use of inputs, among other things. This constitutes as an enabler in this dynamic.