Educação ambiental e saúde pública : avaliação da qualidade da água e do potencial mutagênico do lago dos Buritis da cidade de Goiatuba - Goiás

Abstract

The implementation of natural parks in cities, which contemplate urban use and the preservation of ecosystem services, is a current and controversial theme, considering the difficulties of reconciling the idea of leisure and recreation for the population with the preservation of natural resources, especially in Permanent Preservation areas as is the case in urban springs. In order to analyze the water quality of lake of the Buritis, which serves as a leisure area for the population of Goiatuba - GO, besides having an artesian well with free access for citizens to obtain water for consumption, qualitative tests were carried out with water samples from six different points between the source and the mouth of the lake that flows into the stream "Chico À Toa". The collected water samples were submitted to physical-chemical tests, potentially toxic metals, microbiological tests and Allium cepa test. Tests for pH, alkalinity, color, turbidity and hardness were within the standards of potability established by the Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 2,914 of December 12, 2011 and P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 within the standards acceptable according to CONAMA Resolution 357/05, but nitrate and conductivity were outside established standards. The number of total coliforms in water samples is higher than the maximum value established by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating high fecal contamination in water samples from artesian well, spring and Buritis Lake. The bacterial diversity found is considerable since most isolates can cause human disease, requiring public health attention. The Allium cepa test demonstrated a cytotoxic potential for water from the source and mouth of Buritis Lake in Goiatuba, which may be indicative of environmental degradation caused by anthropic action.