Agrobiodiversidade e impactos socioambientais dos agrotóxicos

Abstract

Agrobiodiversity is a concept that encompasses all the diversity that makes up the environment where they are developed agricultural activities is growing, creating domesticated animals and farmers, to wild species and socio-cultural context in which they are inserted. From the second half of the 20th century, the process of agricultural modernization, especially the high use of pesticides has caused social and environmental impacts relevant to the maintenance of agricultural biodiversity. Since the bees, in particular, they have greatly suffered the impacts of pesticide use. We conducted this study qualitative and quantitative analysis, with the objective of understanding the socioeconomic, cultural and environmental importance of agricultural biodiversity for peasant family agriculture and for society in general. In addition to developing a method for honey analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), where part of the samples used originated in the area inhabited by the respondents. To meet these objectives, the work is organized in two scientific papers. The methodology to be used for the first article is based on the Cross Walking technique, originating from the methodology of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), which participate peasant farmers in the Settlement Project Dom Fernando Gomes, the city of Itaberaí / GO . For the construction of the second article is the proposed development of detection method of active thiamethoxam and imidacloprid in honey by HPLC and its application in analysis of samples collected from farms located up to 1000 meters away from crops treated with the above pesticides, situated in the municipalities : Terezópolis-GO , Gameleira de Goiás-GO, Silvânia-GO, Corumbá-GO, Goianápolis-GO, Jaragua-GO, Pirenópolis-GO and Itaberaí-GO .Respondents expressed concern over the constant use of pesticides by neighbors, friends and relatives , both for environmental issues when health . All have had contact with someone who has suffered some weakness as a result of contact with pesticides, including being reported case of death. The method for determination of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam showed good correlation coefficient fortified matrix (above 0.99) with a detection limit of 6.64 g mL-1 of imidacloprid and 1.30 g mL-1 of thiamethoxam. They analyzed 17 honey samples, ten samples showed interfering impossible to confirm the presence of the studied neonicotinoids and the remaining seven samples were below the detection limit.