Fertilidade de gemas de videiras no Centro-Oeste do Brasil

Abstract

In grapevine management, production pruning is a decisive phase for grape producers, bringing challenges due to uncertainty regarding the fertility of the buds. Lack of knowledge about the condition of the buds and vegetative vigor can lead to inappropriate decisions during the pruning process, directly impacting the quantity and quality of the harvest. In this sense, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of luminosity and branch characteristics on the differentiation and distribution of buds in different wine varieties subjected to double pruning management. The research was carried out in 6 different regions of the state of Goiás. With the plants arranged in an espalier-type training system, the experiment was conducted following the guidelines of a completely randomized design, containing 2 treatments (with defoliation and without defoliation), 11 replications and 4 plants per plot. To evaluate the impact of luminosity on the differentiation of fertile buds, defoliation management was carried out in the formation cycle during the phenological stage H. And for the classification of buds, a visual assessment was carried out identifying fruitful, vegetative, dead and absent buds. Statistical analyzes were conducted in the R Studio software and the Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test, the median test for multiple comparisons, the Mann-Whitney test and correlation analysis were used. Thus, the increase in light incidence during the bud differentiation process significantly increased the amount of fertile buds. The length of the internode is directly related to the vigor of the plant, very long internodes indicate excess vigor and growth, while very short internodes occur when there is poor nutrition, lack of water, pests or diseases. Among the varieties studied, the Syrah and Malbec presented the highest production of fruit buds. A tendency towards a higher concentration of vegetative buds was observed in positions G1 and G2, while positions G3, G4 and G5 showed a predominance of fruit buds.