Polimorfismo e solvatação em compostos sintéticos com potencial biológico

Abstract

The study of synthetic biological compounds has taken place in the scientific community. As an example, a large number of pharmacological activities such as anti-leishmanial, antioxidant and antitumor have been discovered for neolignan analogues, while chalcone sulfonamides are known for their anticancer activities, among others.In this sense, the objective of this work was the detailed analysis of a ketone neolignane analogue, with a proven ability to reduce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide and two polymorphs of a sulfonamide chalcone hybrid with biological activity against three tumor cell lines: SF-295 ( Central nervous system), PC-3 (prostate cancer) and HCT-116 (cancers of the colon). From the data obtained by X-ray diffraction of monocrystal, geometric parameters, intermolecular interactions and supramolecular arrangement were evaluated. The methodology of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) was also used for the energetic evaluation of the interactions involved in the neolignan crystalline packaging. The geometric parameters calculated by the Mercury program show the planar character of the neolignan and the planarity deviations of the polymorphs of the sulfonamide chalcone. The crystalline compounds are stabilized by C-H···O, π···π and C─H···π interactions, being packaged in the form of layers. As an additional methodology for studying intermolecular interactions, Hirshfeld surfaces quantitatively and qualitatively assessed the hydrophobic interactions of the compounds studied and QTAIM revealed low energies regarding the C-H···O interactions of neolignan. Analysis of the structure obtained by powder X-ray crystallography suggested a possible polymorphic susceptibility for the neolignan analyzed. In addition, this same compound was also analyzed by theoretical calculations through of Density Functional Theory (DFT). The high chemical stability was explained by the high value of the difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital and lower unoccupied molecular orbital, as well as the sites of intermolecular interactions were explained by the potential.electrostatic potential map.