Uso do SIG na espacialização de ocorrência da dengue em São Luís de Montes Belos, Goiás

Abstract

Diseases transmitted by mosquito vectors, such as dengue, have a huge impact on global public health. Much of its control is predominantly focused on emergency methods such as the application of insecticides. However, chemical control is not sustainable or totally ineffective because of insect resistance to pesticides. In this sense, the discovery and application of alternative methods is necessary from an epidemiological and environmental point of view. There is a growing demand for the incorporation of geoprocessing into public health in Brazil in an attempt to optimize control and focus efforts on the prevention diseases endemic. In this context, this research mapped the urban area of São Luís de Montes Belos, regarding the incidence of dengue in the period from 2008 to 2017; with ail to providing subsidies to the Disease Surveillance and Control Program in the municipality. Each case was identified by neighborhood according the information obtained by the Notification of Injury Information System. This database was correlated to geographic and spatial factors through geoprocessing. Thematic maps of the incidence suspected and confirmed cases of dengue in each neighborhood and year were prepared. The correlation of these indices with the monthly precipitation levels between the years 2011 to 2017 was also performed. After data analysis, some factors that influenced the incidence of this disease were observed: rainfall, virus alternation and region with population density. Among the items, the most significant was the rainfall index, being the determining factor in the increase of occurrence, especially in the first two quarters of the year. According to the spatialization of the cases, the progression of the disease may have its progress blocked with greater effectiveness, since several preventive measures can be adopted in the critical points of the city.