Avaliação da qualidade fisiologica de sementes de feijão em função de períodos de nutri-priming

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest producers and consumers of beans in the world. Brazilian soils are poor in some micronutrients, which can decrease the development of the bean crop from the initial stages until harvest. Nutrient-priming is one of the options to supply micronutrients to seeds because it presents low cost and high efficiency. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds cultivar Pérola, submitted to nutrient solutions containing molybdenum, cobalt and zinc, combined and isolated, as a function of different soaking times. The experiment was developed in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás - UnU Ipameri, using the experimental design entirely randomized, with eight treatments with micronutrients (T1. Witness; T2. Mo; T3. Zn; T4. Co; T5. Mo + Co; T6. Mo + Zn; T7. Zn + Co; T8. Mo + Co + Zn) in six imbibition periods (6; 8; 12; 16; 20 and 24 hours) using doses of 10g zinc sulfate/10 kg seeds; 5g sodium molybdate/10 kg seeds and 2g cobalt sulfate/ 10 kg seeds, with four repetitions of 50 seeds each, the variables analyzed were: seed imbibition; germination test; abnormal seedlings; dead seeds; first germination count; accelerated aging; dead seeds from accelerated aging; seedling emergence; emergence speed index; length of aerial part, root and total; fresh mass of aerial part, root and total; dry mass of aerial part, root and biomass. All results of the parameters evaluated were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then by Tukey's test for comparison of means at 5% probability level for treatments with micronutrients and regression for imbibition periods when significant and Tukey for when not significant. In general, the micronutrients provided an increase in the germination quality of the lots of seeds evaluated, on the other hand, it was possible to state that imbibition times greater than four hours caused a reduction in the germination capacity of the seeds. It can be concluded that nutri-priming for the bean crop was beneficial only for the time of four hours.