Produção e qualidade de sementes de genótipos arbustivos de feijão-vagem nos sistemas orgânico e convencional

Abstract

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a vegetable widely consumed in Brazil, has several nutritional properties and low caloric value. The production of this vegetable has aroused the interest of the growers, mainly of bush cultivars, that allows reduction of cost and mechanized harvest. The seeds used in organic cultivation should come from organic systems. However, few seed companies are interested in this small fraction of the market, so there are few organic bean seeds available on the market. In this work, 20 genotypes of bean pods were evaluated for seed production and quality in organic and conventional systems, aiming at the needs of the producers in the two systems under field conditions, at the Experimental Station of Anápolis-GO (EEA) Of Emater. A randomized complete block design with 20 treatments (genotypes) and three replicates was used. The same genotypes were used to study seed quality. The following tests were carried out under laboratory conditions: germination, first count, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, using a completely randomized design, 20x2 factorial scheme (20 treatments x 2 production systems). The emergency field test and the emergency speed index (EVI) were evaluated at the Orizona Agricultural Family School (EFAORI), in a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in subdivided plots. Seeds and in the subplots the genotypes and four replicates. Yield was higher in the organic than in the conventional system. The cultivars Japanese Yellow, Tendongreen Improved, Jade, Commodore Improved, Festina, Hab 01, Delinel, Slenderwash and Sword Bush stand out in conventional cultivation. In the organic system, all genotypes presented above-average values for the state of Goiás 1.5 to 2.8 t ha-1 . Regarding the quality of seeds evaluated through the laboratory tests, the percentage of germination found in most genotypes in both systems met the standard for bean seed, established by the legislation, of 80%. In field conditions the genotypes evaluated had a satisfactory emergency, being able to attend the producers regarding the demand of cultivars for the production of seeds in organic and conventional systems