Estudo fitoquímico e avaliação da atividade antitumoral e citotoxicidade in vitro de Erythroxylum deciduum (Erythroxylaceae)

Abstract

It is a plant popularly known as coca, fruit or berry of dove-of-dove, is the Northeast to Southern Brazil in various plants. The genus Erythroxylum is used in folk medicine as an antioxidant, anti-among others. This study aimed to carry out the study of phytochemical fractions of hexane and methanol extracts from the leaves of E. deciduum, aimed at the isolation and identification of substances, assess the antitumour activity of methanol extract of the fruits of K562 cells in chronic myeloid leukemia, but also assess the cytotoxic potential of methanol, hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves, among strains of tumor cells: HCT-8 (colon - human), SF-295 (glioblastoma - human) and HL-60 (leukemia - human). The methanol extract of the leaves was fractionated by chromatography column using microcrystalline cellulose D as stationary phase eluent in ascending order of polarity: hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The subfractions methanol and hexane were submitted to using column chromatography on silica gel as stationary phase and a mixture of solvents in increasing polarity. In hexanic fraction was used as eluent system solvent: ethyl acetate / hexane, while in methanol, the mixture was methanol / dichloromethane. Were isolated and identified the β-amyrin stearate , the fraction hexane, and 7,4 '-dimethoxy-quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and quercetin-3-O-α-D-arabinofuranose, obtained from the fraction methanol. For structural identification of these substances were used spectroscopic methods usual (1H and 13C NMR), compared to data from literature and fatty acid obtained by the hydrolysis of β-amyrin stearate subjected to (GC / MS). The assessment of antitumour activity (chronic myeloid leukemia) showed that there is a high potential cytotoxic in fruits methanolic fractions of E. deciduum. Also investigated was that none of the samples tested showed significant potential cytotoxic cell lines tested in HL-60, SF 295 and HTC8.