Epigenética e vulnerabilidade ao suicídio : como experiências traumáticas na infância afetam a expressão de genes relacionados à saúde mental

Abstract

Annually, there are about 800,000 self-exterminations worldwide, with a larger number of attempts. However, these numbers may be underestimated due to social taboos and registration errors. This work is a scope review of the literature that aimed to intersect data between epigenetics, childhood trauma and self-harm behavior. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the PubMed, SCOPUS and BVS databases, where 12 studies were selected for review. The Ryann software was used for data screening and the Iramuteq software for data analysis. The results suggest that this is a rich area for future studies, with the potential to significantly improve the prevention and treatment of mental health problems related to self-harm behavior. The identification of stress biomarkers and hereditary changes may allow early detection and the development of more personalized interventions for individuals at risk. An important gap found is the lack of evidence-based treatment strategies specifically targeting childhood trauma in patients with MDD and suicidal behavior.