Adubação organomineral associada à inoculação de Rhizobium tropici e co-inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense na cultura do feijoeiro

Abstract

The bean crop is demanding in relation to the availability of nutrients, being the most important among them. Thus the use of nitrogen fertilizers are products widely used in agriculture, but damage to the environment. To resolve this issue of using organomineral fertilizer plants generated through the sewage site, it has become feasible to fertilize plants. Another way of replacing the use of chemical fertilizer is through inoculation and inoculation of plants. In this work, this work aimed to evaluate the development, nutrition and agronomic performance of common bean as a function of base fertilization with the organomineral formulation "FOM" from sewage sludge biosolid combined with the use of Rizobium tropici inoculation techniques. and co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was carried out in the winter season of 2021, with a randomized block design in a 3x4+3 factorial scheme, with four replications. The following treatments were tested: three bean cultivars from diferente commercial groups (Pérola – carioca group, BRS Esteio – black group and BRS Pitanga – purple group) base fertilization, without inoculation and co-mineralization techniques, with organomineral two rhizobia inoculation techniques: inoculation in the seeds with R. tropici before sowing and topdressing re-inoculation; co-inoculation of seeds with R. tropici + A. brasilense from sowing and re-inoculation in coverage of R. tropici + A. brasilense and witness without base fertilization, inoculation or co-inoculation and the additional treatment characterized by meeting the nutritional needs of the three cultivars exclusively via mineral fertilization. It is concluded that: the inoculation applied via seed, associated with the covering kingdom in the V4 stage, allowed a higher yield of the common bean, being able to replace the use of nitrogen mineral fertilizer. That of R. tropici with the co-inoculation of A. brasilense, in general, increased productivity, compared to mineral nitrogen fertilization. The isolated use of organomineral gains for development, in addition to the components of bean productivity, provides an alternative source of fertilization. The bean cultivate Pérola presents more productivity with the use of organomineral fertilizer on the sewage side at the base, associated with the use of inoculation with R. tropici before sowing, in addition to the co-inoculation with A. brasilense in coverage at the V4 stage, compared to the response capacity of BRS Esteio and BRS Pitanga cultivars.