Catolicismo e Romantismo alemão: a religião romântica de Friedrich Schlegel e sua conversão ao catolicismo romano no início do século XIX

Abstract

The 18th century was marked by significant historical and artistic transformations throughout Europe. These transformations had a direct impact on the way of life of a large portion of society, as it became associated with the period of modernity's consolidation. This process was not well-received by a community that saw its certainties being undermined. Consequently, Romanticism gained strength as a form of expression and began to reflect the anxieties and discontents related to a period of such uncertainties stemming from the ideals of the French Revolution and Enlightenment. In this context, and in the face of the profound impacts of modern consolidation, this research aimed to understand how Romanticism approached the Catholic religion by adapting its initial proposal from the late 18th century. During the consolidation of modernity, the Catholic Church became a strong opponent of modern ideals, aligning itself with Romanticism through “elective affinities,” in the Weberian sense of the expression. Thus, this research investigated early German Romanticism, known as Frühromantik, and its subsequent relationship with Catholicism, focusing on the analysis of Friedrich Schlegel, the founder of early German Romanticism, who converted to Roman Catholicism from 1808 onwards.