Qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de grão-de-bico tipo DESI Cv. BRS Hari durante o beneficiamento

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of chickpea seeds of the Desi cv. BRS Hari type, collected at nine different points of the seed processing process, and to verify seed retention in the different sieve classifications. The mechanized harvesting of chickpea seeds of the BRS Hari type occurred in the production field of Embrapa Hortaliças, located in Brasília-DF. Medium samples (6,000 g) were taken to the laboratory for analysis, which were formed by grouping and homogenizing single samples of each treatment. A total of ten treatments were obtained in different processing stages and machines. The seeds of each treatment underwent tests to evaluate their quality: physical purity, sieve retention, germination, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index, accelerated aging and sodium hypochlorite test. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and, once the assumptions were met and there was significance of the treatments, the Scott Knott test (p≤0.05) was performed using the Genes software. The results showed significant differences between the treatments in the germination test for the number of normal seedlings, number of abnormal seedlings and germination percentage. A significant difference was also observed between the treatments in the accelerated aging test in normal seedlings and dead seeds and in the emergence speed index test. Regarding sieve retention, a significant difference was observed for collection points, sieve types and for the interaction between seed collection point (PC) and sieve types (PE). Treatments T2 (seeds harvested after passing through the upper 12 mm sieve and before passing through the lower 7.5 mm sieve) and T5 (seeds collected at the mouth of the storage silo) were those that presented the best physical and physiological quality of chickpea seeds of the Desi CV. BRS Hari type. Treatments T3 and T4 presented germination rates below 80%. For sieve retention, the ones that presented the best results were the 4 to 9 mm sieves for processing chickpea seeds.